第一节、并列句

并列句的构成

并列句的构成：多个简单句+并列连词

表示顺接的并列连词

That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet...

那个男孩就是比尔 · 盖茨，他一直在读书...

表示转折的并列连词

补充：

yet在句尾表示“已经”

转折后的内容更重要

Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones.

金钱可能买不到幸福，但是富裕国家的人们通常比贫穷国家的人们更幸福。

… adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives.

... 成年女性不记得曾经如此痴迷于这种颜色，然而它却在我们年轻女孩的生活中无处不在。

表示选择的并列连词

In effect, the U.S. can import food or it can import the workers...

实际上，美国可以进口食品，也可以进口工人...

表示因果的并列连词

Strangers are inherently unfamiliar to us, so we are more likely to feel anxious...

陌生人对我们来说本质上是陌生的，所以我们更容易感到焦虑...

补充例句

多个并列连词相同

Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious.

后来，他的婚姻失败了，他的职业生涯完蛋了，他的酗酒问题严重了。

多个并列连词不同

Parents don ’ t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’ s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need, ...

父母不需要时时刻刻都在孩子身边，但是需要一种平衡，父母需要对孩子在语言上或者非语言上表达的情感需求有所反应和敏感。

并列句的省略

相同的可以省略，剩下的保持不变。

I had no money and needed the job.主语省略

我没有钱，需要这份工作。

He ticks “astronaut” but quickly adds “scientist” to the list and selects it as well.主语省略

他在“宇航员”上打了勾，但很快又加上了“科学家”，并选择了这个名字。

Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child.主语、谓语动词省略

然后给孩子们一些巧克力硬币，让他们有机会和一个不知名的孩子分享。

Even American newspapers… have not only survived but often returned to profit.

甚至美国的报纸... 不仅存活了下来，而且经常重新盈利。

Newport also recommends “deep scheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.

纽波特还建议使用“深度计划”来对抗持续的干扰，以便在更短的时间内完成更多的工作。

【练习】

Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed.

和大多数作家一样，他在写作的过程中遭受了许多失望和拒绝，但这些使他更加下定决心要成功。

… the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.

关键是确定你的专注时间并坚持下去。

I can’t afford to pay my monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to make that happen.

我自己付不起每月的抵押贷款，所以我不得不把房子租给别人来实现这个目标。

The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning.

大萧条或许已经结束，但这个高失业率的时代可能已经开始。

In the U.S., it has infected more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.

在美国，它已经感染了100多万人，造成600多人死亡，6000多人住院。

【攻略】并列句的四类并列连词建议重点掌握

掌握了并列连词，不仅可以看懂并列句和省略之后的并列句，还可以断开更为复杂的长难句，进而看懂句意。例如第三部分第二章会讲到的特殊长难句结构— —“平行结构”，也叫“平行并列结构”，其实就是并列句的更广范围的延伸，不仅可以并列句子，还可以并列更多复杂多变的成分，但这一结构的关键就在于并列连词的连接，所以掌握四类并列连词很重要。

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